Sign in →

Epic Test Code HPCOV Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), Molecular Detection, Varies


Ordering Guidance


Due to the non-specific clinical presentation of COVID-19 during the early stages of the illness, testing for other respiratory infections (eg, influenza) may be warranted.



Specimen Required


Preferred:

Specimen Type: Nasopharyngeal swab

Container/Tube: Sterile container with viral transport media

Specimen Volume: Entire specimen with a minimum of 1.5 mL (maximum 3 mL) of transport media.

Collection Instructions:

1. Collect specimen by swabbing back and forth over mucosa surface to maximize recovery of cells.

2. Swab must be placed into viral transport media (eg, M4-RT, M4 or M5), saline, or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Media should not contain guanidine thiocyanate (GTC).

 

Specimen Type: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

Container/Tube: Sterile container

Specimen Volume: 0.6 mL

Additional Information: Do not aliquot into viral transport media.

 

Acceptable:

Specimen Type: Oropharyngeal (throat) swab, nasal mid-turbinate, or nares/nasal swab

Supplies:

-Culturette (BBL Culture Swab) (T092)

-Mid Turbinate (MT) Swab (FLOQSwab/COPAN) (T864)

-Swab, Sterile Polyester (T507)

Container/Tube: Sterile container with transport media

Specimen Volume: Entire specimen with a minimum of 1.5 mL (maximum 3 mL) of transport media.

Preferred: BBL Culture Swab, COPAN Mid-turbinate Swab

Acceptable: Dacron-tipped swab with plastic handle

Collection Instructions: Swab must be placed into viral transport media (eg, M4-RT, M4, or M5), saline, or PBS. Media should not contain guanidine thiocyanate (GTC).

 

Specimen Type: Bronchial washings, endotracheal aspirate, sputum

Container/Tube: Sterile container

Specimen Volume: 0.6 mL

Additional Information: Do not aliquot into viral transport media.


Useful For

Diagnosis of COVID-19 illness due to SARS-CoV-2

Method Name

Reverse Transcription, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR)

Reporting Name

SARS CoV-2 RNA, PCR, Varies

Specimen Type

Varies

Specimen Minimum Volume

Upper respiratory tract swab: See Specimen Required; lower respiratory specimens: 0.3 mL

Specimen Stability Information

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Varies Frozen (preferred) 14 days
  Refrigerated  72 hours

Reject Due To

Bloody specimen Calcium alginate-tipped swab
Wooden shaft swab
Dry swab Glass transport media tubes
Transport swab containing gel or charcoal additive Sample tubes containing guanidine isothiocyanate, guanidine thiocyanate, or guanidine hydrochloride		 Reject

Clinical Information

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that causes COVID-19. Like other coronaviruses that infect humans, SARS-CoV-2 can cause both upper and lower respiratory tract illness. Symptoms can range from mild (ie, the common cold) to severe (ie, pneumonia) in both healthy and immunocompromised patients. SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs primarily via respiratory droplets. During the early stages of COVID-19 disease, the symptoms maybe nonspecific and resemble other common respiratory infections, such as influenza. If testing for other respiratory infections is negative, specific testing for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) may be warranted.

 

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is likely to be at the highest concentrations in the nasopharynx during the first 3 to 5 days of symptomatic illness. As the disease progresses, the viral load tends to decrease in the upper respiratory tract, at which point lower respiratory tract specimens (eg, sputum, tracheal aspirate, bronchoalveolar fluid) may be more likely to have detectable SARS-CoV-2.

Reference Values

Undetected

Interpretation

A "Detected" (positive) result indicates that SARS-CoV-2 RNA is present and suggests the diagnosis of COVID-19. The test result should always be considered in the context of patient's clinical history, physical examination, and epidemiologic exposures when making the final diagnosis.

 

An "Undetected" (negative) result indicates that SARS-CoV-2 is not present in the patient's specimen. However, this result may be influenced by the stage of the infection, as well as the quality and type of the specimen collected for testing. Result should be correlated with patient's history and clinical presentation.

 

An "Inconclusive" result indicates that the presence or absence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the specimen could not be determined with certainty after repeat testing in the laboratory, possibly due to inhibition. Submission of a new specimen for testing is recommended.

Cautions

The sensitivity of the assay is dependent on the stage of the illness when the sample is collected, the quality of the specimen submitted, and the test's performance characteristics. SARS-CoV-2 is likely at higher viral loads in the upper respiratory tract (eg, nasopharyngeal swab) during the first 3 to 5 days post onset of symptoms. At later stages of the disease, the virus may be more readily detected in lower respiratory samples (eg, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid).

 

The test is specific for SARS-CoV-2; therefore, the results do not exclude the possibility of infection with other respiratory viruses.

 

An undetected (ie, negative) result does not preclude infection with SARS-CoV-2 and should not be used as the sole basis for treatment or other patient management decisions.

Day(s) Performed

Monday through Sunday

Report Available

Same day/1 to 2 days

Specimen Retention Time

4 days

Performing Laboratory

Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester

CPT Code Information

87635

NY State Approved

Yes